Governing device



Aug. 22, 1939.

JoHANssON GOVERNING DEVICE INVENTO I z 4 l Filed May l1, 1937 anni Aug'. 22, 19,35 l 'l 2,170,413:

' UNITED STATES 'P-A'l'll'l`j` OFFICE -f i z,11,1s`

GovanNrNG nnvrcn e c Martin Johansson, Stockholm, Sweden, assignerv to Hesselman Motor Corporation -Aktiebolag, Henriksdal, Stockholm,v Sweden, a corporation ofswcden` 4 Application May 11, 1937, serial No. 141,922

i In Germany b/Iay 12, 1936 'z claim. (01. i4-z5) 'I'he present invention relates to governing. dethrottle valve I2. Fuel is injected into the cyl vices and-has particular reference tojgovernlng inders through suitable injectors I3 supplied'," ,by devices specially applicable for the purpose 'of the fuel pump B. In the embodiment illustrated varying the timing of an engine driven auxiliary, the quantity of fuel supplied per working stroke'- 5 such as a fuel injection pump, in response to is automatically regulatedA through vacuum con- 5 variations in speed and operation of the engine. trol .apparatus lL connected to the intake mani- The primary object of the invention isr theprofold by pipe ll and ,responsive toV changes in vision of governing meansy of novel and impressure in the intake manifold. proved-form which is very accurately sensitive to The fuel charges supplied to the engine are v variations in speed, which is simple and cornignited in 'timedrelation to the engine cycle by l0 pact in form and readily applicable for4 incormeans of an electrical spark ignition systemof poration in the line of`drive tc an engine auxconventional form indicated generally at C. iliary, and which will reliably effect very ac- The specific vform of the fuel pump and the curate relative rotation of a driven part with re- -manner of its control with respect to the quantity spectto a drivingpart in accordancewith thespeed of fuel supplied, form no part of the present in- 16 y of rotation of the parts, whereby to accurately vention and any suitable form o f injection equip controlthe timing with respect to the cycle of ment andl controlvthereof with respect to quantity operation of anengine,of an auxiliary driven of fuel supplied may be employed. Also, the spefrom the engine through the governing device. cie type 0f 18111171011 equipment", employed isnot Because of the special utility of the device germane to the present invention. 20 forming thesubject matter of thevpresent inven- As shown in Fig. l, `drive for thefuel pump ls tion as a governing means for timing the operaprovided by the drive shaft i8 appropriately 1 tion of an engine driven auxiliary, it will be heregeared to the engine crank shaft. Between shaft inafter described in connection with its appli-A I8, which operates in xed timed relation to the cation as th'e means for governingthe timing of a engine cycle, andthe pump B there is interposed 2;, fuel pump of conventional form for Ainjecting the governing mechanism D,'which is connected fuel to an internal combustion engine, but it will to the fuel pump by shaft 2Q, be understood` that the invention is not limited in Referring DOW more partlularlyuto Figs- 2 f its use to this particular form of application. and 3, the governing mechanism D` comprises a For a better' understanding of the more detailed cup-shaped driven member 22 the hub portion 2t 3o nature of the invention and the advantages to of which is fixed to shaft I8 by a key/ 26 and suitu be derived from `its use,referen ce may best be had l able lock-nut. The rim portion 2&3 is provided to the ensuing portionof this specification ytaken. with internal gear segments 30a and. sdb at dia- `in conjunction with the accompanying -drawing metricallyopposed sides of the rim. f forming apart hereof. The driving member 321s in.' theform@ of a 3; In the drawing:,- I f double discwheel having lay hubportion @t rotat- Fig. 1 is a side elevation of an engine equipped ably mounted on the Ihub 26 ofthe driven memwith a regulating device embodying the invenber '22 .and spaced disc-like 'ang'fes @t 'andv 3d. tion; An annular closure memberl il@ fixed to the' flange 40 Fig. 2 is ,an enlarged view of the regulating.. portion of member22 and rbearing'against flange mechanism taken approximately on the line 2 2 38,forms in effect a part of member@ which with of Fig, 3;' and member 32 provides a closed casing. Fig- 3-is .a section ,taken on the line of Member 32 may be connected to' thed'rive shaft Fig. 2. s I it in any suitable manner afsy bylmean's of a dog Referring now morel particularly tn Fig. l, clutch, the lugs ofwhichare indicated at Q2 4,5, the 'engine is designated generally at and is of in Fig. 3. Centrifugal weights '#36 and il@ are knownI kind in which fuel is injected into the pivotally mounted on bolts `tend respectively, enginecylinders during the later partof the between'the flanges il@ andv @t of member't. ,compression stroke to form lwith -air previously Weight 44 is provided with a 'spur gearfsegment. drawn vinto andv being compressed vivithln the 52a, theteeth of which mesh' with the' internal 5@ cylinders a combustible nnxturewhicn is ignited teeth 30a., and weight 46 is provided with 'a Spur at or near theend of the compression stroke by gear segmentjlb, the teeth of lwhiclr'niesh. with timed ignition means. In the engine' shown', the internal teeth 30h. j f air for combustion isdrawn into the vinlet inani- As will be evident from Fig 2. `the centrifugal fold IU, the quantity being controlled by the weights are generaly fish shaped in form. The 5g A pivot points provided by the bolts are located on the diameter or axis of symmetry 'passing through the centers of the spur gear sectors of the weights when the device is at restand also, as will be noted from the drawing, the pivot points are located in the portions of the weights Vlying close to the central shaft of the device. The two weights, which are geometrically congruent.. are joined reciprocally at'their ends by springs 54 and 55 in such manner that the spring 54 acts as the loading spring for the weight 44 and spring 56 acts as the loading spring for weight 46, The spring v54 is attached by means of a pin 58 to weight 46 at a point in the vicinity of the pivot point provided by the bolt 50. At

i ence in the distance of these pins from their reing of ignition in accordance with engine speed,

.spective pivot points.

Consequently, spring 54 may be considered as being anchored to weight 46 and providing spring load for weight 44.

Similarly, spring 56 is attached by means of pin 62 to weight 44 at a place relatively close to the pivot point 48 and is attached to weight 46 by pin 64 at a point remote from the pivot point 50. Weight 44 may thus be considered as providing anchorage for spring 56 which acts as the loading spring for the weight 46.

In Fig. 2 the weights are shown in their position of rest, being held in abutment against hub portion 34 of member 32 by the retracting action of the loading springs.

When member 32 is driven, the weights transmit the driving force through the gear teeth to th'e member 22 and shaft 20.

Under'the influence of centrifugal force the weights 44 and 4B tend to move outwardly about their pivot points against the reaction of the loading springs, the extent to which the weights turn about their pivots being dependent uponthe relation of the speed of rotation of the governor, and consequently the centrifugal force developed, and the strength of the loading springs.

Since the structure is symmetrical, the outward movement or deflection of each weight is always equal to thatwof the other. vAs will be evident from Fig. 2, outward movement of the weights will cause relative rotational displacement of member 22 with respect to member 32, through the action of the gear teeth.

If, for example, the direction of rotation of the shaft I8 and the governing device as a whole is as indicated by the arrow in Fig. 2, displacement of the weights from the pition shown in the figure will cause the member 22 and with it the shaft 20 to be rotationally displaced with respect to member 32 and shaft I8, also in the same direction as the arrow. Thus, it maybe said that the governing means operates to advance shaft 20 with respect to the engine cycle upon increase in speed of operation of the engine and such advance, in accordance with the present invention, is employed to advance the period with respect to the engine cycle as the speed of the engine increases.

Engines of the kind to which the present device is particularly applicable may be operated to the best advantage with variation of the timandthe characteristics of the governing means awa-11a Just described are such mehr; may in some 1nstances be advantageous to vary the timing of the ignition simultaneously with the variation in the time of injection-by means of the single governor.

To this end, the elementf'controlling the time of ignition is advantageously driven from the driven side of the governor. In the embodiment illustrated in Fig. 1, wherein high tension spark ignition is shown, the shaft 68 for driving the ignition timing and distributing mechanism of conventional form indicated generally at 10 is driven by a suitable gear connection between shaft 68 and shaft 20.

-As will be evident from the foregoing description, the governing device is extremely rugged and simple in its construction, and has a minimum of frictionally moving parts which are readily enclosed and protected in a small and compact casing. It will further be evident that the governor is readily adapted for effecting the desired amount of variation in timing for engines having different characteristics, merely by using loading springs of different strength which may readily be removed and replaced.

As will be seen from the construction shown on the drawing by way of example, the direction of the forces transmitted by the teethed gear is such that Wearing is brought to minimum and eciency to maximum. Also the mounting of the Weights attributes to the improvement, as the bolts on which the weights are rotatably fixed, are journaled on both their ends.

'I'he invention is not to be considered as restricted to the specific form of device hereinbefore shown and described by way of example, but is connected to one of said elements, said memberl having a hub portion and a rim portion and internal gear teeth on said rim portion, a second member mounted on said lhub portion and having relative rotational movement with respect thereto, said second member being adapted to be connected to the other of said elements, a pair of congruent centrifugal weights eccentrically' mounted for pivotal movement on said second member, each of said weights'having gear teeth`meshing with said internal gear teeth tol transmit drive from one to the other of said members and to produce angular displacement between said members -upon pivotal movement of the weights, and a pair of loading springs for said weights, said loading springs mutually'interconnecting the weights at different distances from their respective pivot points, said springs being symmetrically arranged with respect to the axis of rotation of said members, and the opposite ends of each spring being respectivelyconnected to the different weights at different distances from the pivot points thereof.

2. In apparatus of the character described,

governing means for altering the angular rela-A tion.between a rotary driving element and a',

rotary driven element in accordance with variations in speed of operation of the driving element comprising a cup-shaped lmember adapted to be connected to one ot said elements. said member having a rim portion and internal gear teeth on said rim portion, a second member mounted cof-axially within said cup-shaped member and having relative rotational move-ll ment with respect thereto, said second member being adapted to be connected to the other of said elements, a. pair o! congruent centrifugal weights eccentrically mounted for pivotal movement on said second member, each of said weights having gear teeth meshing with said internal gear teeth to transmit drive from one to the other of said members and'to produce angular displacement between said members upon pivotal movement of the weights, and apair of loading'springs for said weights, said loaciinr springs mutually interconnecting the weights at vdiiilerent distances from and on the opposite sides of their respective pivot points. said Swings. being symmetrically arranged with respect to the axis of rota-A tion vot'v said members and the opposite ends of each spring being respectively connected to the diiierent weights at diierent distances from the pivot points thereof.

' JDHANBSON. 

